What are the primary objectives of the Convention on Biological Diversity?

• A. Conserve biodiversity, sustainably use biodiversity, and equitably share benefits
• B. Expand extractive industries in protected areas
• C. Promote monoculture farming
• D. Eliminate all protected areas

Answer: (A)

The main idea here is the threefold purpose of the Convention on Biological Diversity: to conserve biodiversity, to use biodiversity in a sustainable way, and to share the benefits arising from its use equitably. Conserving biodiversity means protecting species, habitats, and genetic diversity so ecosystems remain healthy and continue to provide services like clean water, climate regulation, and pollination. Sustainable use means using biological resources in a way that meets present needs without compromising the ability of future generations to meet theirs—this includes responsible fishing, forestry, and agriculture that don’t deplete resources. Equitable sharing of benefits ensures that countries and indigenous communities that contribute genetic resources or traditional knowledge receive fair compensation or access to technology and capacity-building.

These objectives align with the treaty’s goal to address the loss of biodiversity and to balance conservation with human needs. The other options conflict with these aims: expanding extractive activities in protected areas would undermine conservation; promoting monoculture farming reduces genetic diversity and resilience; eliminating protected areas would remove crucial safeguards for ecosystems.